How is HPV transmitted and methods of infection

On Earth, about 80% of the population is infected with human papillomavirus.Since not only harmless papillomas can occur due to HPV infection in the body, but also condoms, as well as the results that may be malignant, it is very important to know how HPV is transmitted.Perhaps this knowledge will help someone avoid infection and protect themselves from such dangerous diseases as cervical, vulva, vagina, anal, penis and even mammary glands.In the article we will talk about HPV: as transmitted, risk factors and preventive measures.

How is human papillomavirus transmitted?

To begin with, it is worth saying that papilloma is transmitted through epidermis and saliva.At the same time, for some time the infection may not make itself feel and manifest with the formation of a condy and papilloma only with a decrease in immunity.

If we talk about how the papilloma virus is transmitted, then the likelihood of infection in the presence of damage, scratches and scratches on the skin has increased significantly.

Attention!Many people are interested if the papilloma is inherited.Answer, no.Only when one of the family members is infected, the papilloma virus is transmitted to daily life or from mother to child during childbirth.

The following ways of transmitting a viral infection from people to person are known:

1. It is transmitted in the interior, that is, through touch, ordinary household items, clothes.Transmission of infection can occur through a kiss.
2. If a person has genital papillomas, transmission can occur sexually, that is, during unprotected sex.
3. Self -loss is possible with shaving, hair removal and other skin damage.Since the papilloma is contagious to the surrounding healthy skin cells, the person himself can transfer the body from patients to healthy ones.
4. A vertical way of infection is to transfer infection from mother to child at birth.
5. Much less frequently, infection occurs during donor blood transfusion, during rapid removal of neoplasms caused by HPV.The infection is also not excluded in cosmetic salons, manicure rooms, baths, saunas and pools, where aseptic rules are neglected.

If we talk about how you can become infected with papillomas, then in 70 % of cases of sexual infection, the culprit is human.In the presence of an epithelial neoplasm on the lips or genitalia, the probability of infection is almost 90%.It is also worth considering that the presence of the condom, although reduces the risk of infection, still does not guarantee 100 percent protection, as HPV can penetrate through the microtrauma on the skin of the hands and other parts of the body.Moreover, conditioning can be located in the groin or the pubic part, where the condom will not protect against direct contact with the partner.

Important!If one of the partners is the carrier of the virus, but it has no papilloma, warts or condil, the risk of infection of the second partner decreases significantly.

If you rank all methods, how to become infected with a newborn papillomavirus, then infection in the intrauterine period is not likely, as the virus does not penetrate the blood and the fetus is reliably protected from amniotic fluids, a bubble and a placenta.However, in medical practice, rare cases of intrauterine infection are recorded in case of placental damage and fetal bladder.

It is very important for women planning a pregnancy to know if the child's father is of contrast and whether he or she can follow the infection of the future mother, as the genitals that have emerged during pregnancy are very dangerous for the child.In the case of baby infection during childbirth, there is a threat of papillomatosis of the larynx and subsequent drowning.Since the infection is transmitted through saliva, it is important to consider the presence of a man in the papilloma, condy and warts in the mouth and in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, because an infection of a woman with oral pet may occur.

If one of the family members has papillomas, as it is transmitted in everyday life, it is important for all families to know:

• Through the general bed, towels, soaps, cosmetics, washing clothes and other personal items, the virus can penetrate the microtrauma on the skin;
• Infection through saliva is possible when using a toothbrush, glasses or other dishes;
• Also, infection through clothes and other household items is also possible.

Risk factors

We understood how to become infected with the human papillomavirus, but it is no less important to know, not only the ways to transmit the infection, but also the risk factors for infection with papillomavirus.

So human papillomavirus will be much easier to penetrate the skin and mucous membranes against the backdrop of the following provocative factors:

1. In men, children and women, the infection is most likely in the background of reduced immunity.This can be facilitated by a common cold or angina.

2. The risk of HPV infection increases with a violation of the intestinal microflora or vagina.In the first case, general immunity suffers, in the second case, local body protective forces have decreased, and the probability of infection has increased.
3. Sexual paths of infection are often the cause of infection against the background of other sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomonosis).
4. Anyway of transmission can be potentially dangerous for a person against the backdrop of a worsening of a chronic disease when the body weakens the disease.
5. There is no doubt whether the papilloma is infectious.The virus can easily penetrate the carrier inside a healthy person's cell if its protection weakens by stress, a separation of strength, excess or depression.

Important!Anydo viruses is easier for men and women who have bad habits (smoking, alcohol).The risk of infection in women who receive combined contraceptives also increase significantly.

Predisposing factors for the sexual transmission of the virus are the following conditions and diseases:

• Previously, the onset of sexual activity;
• prostitution;
• frequent change of sexual partners;
• illegal sex life;
• History of sexually transmitted diseases;
• age older than 35;
• Cervical pathology;
• ammunition immunity states.

PREVENTION

We understood how human papillomavirus (women, men and children) is transmitted, now remains to be considered preventive measures.It is worth noting that the most effective way, how not to become infected, is a preventive vaccination.So far, two types of vaccines are known from this infection.They protect from the most dangerous strains of viral cancer infection.However, the high efficiency of such protection is only observed during vaccination at a young age, before entering a sex life or until one of the HPV strains is infected.

As for other methods of prevention, hygiene rules, the use of a condom, selective sex life and rejection of bad habits have not been canceled.It is useful to support the castle of the immune system: to eat, harden, play sports, walk in the fresh air, drink vitamins periodically.